First, you need to install Microsoft's key.
On Ubuntu 20.04/22.04/24.04:
wget -q -O - https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft-edge.gpg > /dev/null
On Ubuntu 14.04/16.04/18.04:
wget -q -O - https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -
Second, you need to add Microsoft's repository:
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft-edge.list'
Update software:
sudo apt update
Install:
sudo apt install microsoft-edge-stable